在人工智能技术日新月异的今天,科研人员如何借助AI工具提升工作效率,已经成为一个备受关注的话题。特别是随着GPT-4等大型语言模型的发布,AI在科研领域的应用潜力更是得到了广泛认可。本文将深入探讨如何利用ChatGPT等AI工具,优化科研流程,提高研究效率,并结合实际案例,为科研人员提供一份全面的AI辅助科研攻略。
AI驱动的科研新范式
传统的科研模式往往依赖于人工查阅文献、撰写论文、修改润色等环节,耗时耗力。而现在,AI技术的出现正在改变这一现状。例如,ChatGPT等AI工具可以辅助科研人员进行文献搜索、论文写作、邮件撰写、甚至进行科研科普,极大地提高了科研效率。
然而,需要注意的是,AI工具并非万能。在使用ChatGPT等工具时,科研人员需要保持批判性思维,仔细甄别AI生成的内容,避免盲目信任。同时,也要注意保护知识产权,避免抄袭等学术不端行为。
论文搜集:AI助力,高效检索
在科研过程中,文献检索是至关重要的一步。传统的文献检索方式往往需要耗费大量的时间和精力,而且容易遗漏重要的文献。而现在,借助ChatGPT等AI工具,科研人员可以更加高效地进行文献检索。
例如,可以指定论文主题和时间范围,让ChatGPT自动给出一些代表性论文。通过这些论文,科研人员可以对相关领域有大概的了解。此外,ChatGPT还可以根据论文顺藤摸瓜,帮助科研人员找到更多相关的文献。
需要注意的是,ChatGPT可能会编造不存在的论文,而且论文数据库与谷歌学术等平台差距较大。因此,在使用ChatGPT进行文献检索时,务必注意甄别和交叉验证。
论文写作:AI润色,提升质量
论文写作是科研过程中的一个重要环节。对于非英语母语的科研人员来说,论文写作更是一个挑战。而现在,ChatGPT等AI工具可以帮助科研人员润色论文,提高论文的写作质量。
ChatGPT可以从语法、用词、结构、语气等各方面对论文进行修改。此外,还可以让ChatGPT根据不同期刊的风格来改写论文,使论文更符合期刊的要求。
下面是一个使用ChatGPT rephrase改写论文的例子:
假设我们需要改写以下这段文字:
"The results showed that the proposed method achieved better performance than the existing methods."
我们可以使用以下prompt:
"I want you to act as an academic journal editor. Please rephrase the paragraph from an academic angle based on the writing style of the Nature journal: The results showed that the proposed method achieved better performance than the existing methods."
ChatGPT会给出如下回复:
"The findings demonstrate that the presented methodology outperforms existing approaches in terms of performance metrics."
可以看出,ChatGPT将原文改写得更加学术化,更符合Nature期刊的风格。
学术邮件:AI助手,高效沟通
在学术圈,邮件沟通是非常重要的。无论是向潜在导师套磁,还是给审稿人发邮件催促审稿,都需要撰写合适的邮件。
对于英语非母语的学生来说,撰写英文邮件一直是个令人头大的问题。而现在,有了ChatGPT的帮助,只要输入一句话,就可以生成一封态度诚恳、结构完善的邮件。
向潜在导师套磁
假设一个本科生想向MIT做大语言模型的教授套磁,并希望在邮件中突出自己的研究经历。可以使用以下prompt:
"I am an undergraduate student and I want to write an email to a professor at MIT who works on large language models. I want to express my interest in working with him and sell my experience."
ChatGPT会给出如下回复:
"Dear Professor [Professor's name],
I am writing to express my strong interest in your research on large language models. I am an undergraduate student at [Your university] and I have been following your work with great enthusiasm.
[Your research experience]
I am eager to learn more about your research and explore potential opportunities to contribute to your team. Thank you for your time and consideration.
Sincerely, [Your name]"
给审稿人发邮件催促审稿
可以使用以下prompt:
"I am a graduate student. I want to write an email to the reviewer of Nature journal to ask him to accelerate the review process of my submitted paper."
ChatGPT会给出如下回复:
"Dear Reviewer,
I hope this email finds you well.
I am writing to inquire about the status of my manuscript, which was submitted to Nature journal on [Date of submission]. I understand that you are currently reviewing the manuscript, and I would like to express my sincere appreciation for your time and effort.
I am eager to receive your feedback on my manuscript. I believe that the findings presented in my manuscript have the potential to make a significant contribution to the field.
Thank you for your consideration.
Sincerely, [Your name]"
给导师请假
假设你明天想出去玩儿,但是有组会,如何给导师发一封合理动情的请假信?可以使用以下prompt:
"I want to write an email to my supervisor to ask for a leave of absence because I want to go out to play tomorrow, but there is a group meeting."
ChatGPT会给出如下回复:
"Dear Professor [Professor's name],
I hope this email finds you well.
I am writing to request a leave of absence for tomorrow, [Date]. I would like to take this opportunity to go out to play. I understand that there is a group meeting scheduled for tomorrow, and I apologize for any inconvenience this may cause.
I have already completed all of my tasks for this week, and I will make sure to catch up on any missed information during the group meeting. Thank you for your understanding.
Sincerely, [Your name]"
科普:AI助手,深入浅出
科研人员需要具备将复杂的科研概念和项目向大众进行科普的能力。ChatGPT可以帮助科研人员站在大众的角度上,理解科研概念和项目。
例如,可以使用以下prompt:
"Please explain brain machine interface to a boy in primary school."
ChatGPT会给出如下回复:
"Imagine your brain is like a super cool computer that controls everything you do, like moving your arms and legs, thinking, and feeling. A brain-machine interface (BMI) is like a special connection that lets your brain talk to a computer or a machine directly.
It's like giving your brain a superpower to control things outside your body just by thinking about it! Scientists are working hard to make BMIs even better so they can help people with disabilities move and communicate more easily."
为了使科普内容更加生动有趣,可以使用以下prompt:
"Can you make it more humorous?"
ChatGPT会给出如下回复:
"Okay, imagine your brain is the Jedi Knight, and the brain-machine interface is like the Force! It gives you the power to control things with your mind. Instead of using a lightsaber, you can move a robotic arm or play a video game just by thinking about it! May the Force be with you!"
论文标题与缩写:AI助力,画龙点睛
简洁有力的标题对于一篇科研论文来说至关重要,一个意义明确的缩写更能锦上添花,对论文发表、基金申请都很有帮助。对于non-native speaker来说,好标题+好缩写并不容易,这里我们尝试用ChatGPT辅助完成这个任务。
可以使用以下prompt:
"I am writing a scientific paper. Can you help me think a good acronym of the following topic: A New low power Implantable Wireless Brain Machine Interface."
ChatGPT会给出如下回复:
"Here are a few acronyms for 'A New low power Implantable Wireless Brain Machine Interface':
- ALOWIBMI
- NLIWBMI
- LPIWBMI
- IWBMI-LP
- WIBMI-LP"
如果对ChatGPT给出的缩写不满意,可以追问它:
"ALOWIBMI" is not good. can you find other one with positive meaning?"
ChatGPT会给出如下回复:
"Okay, here are some acronyms with positive meanings:
- BLISS (Brain-Linked Implantable Sensory System)
- INSPIRE (Implantable Neuro-Sensory Platform for Integrated Research and Enhancement)
- EMPOWER (Enhanced Mobility Platform Over Wireless Energy Resources)"
编程助手:AI赋能,提升效率
ChatGPT已经完全改变了开发代码的方式,并可以从各个方面赋能以编程工作为主的研究人员。
理解开源代码
在开始新项目时,大多数同学都会先在网上寻找开源代码作为参考。但是,充分理解一个由他人创造的代码并不容易,有时甚至挣扎。有了ChatGPT,理解开源代码就变得容易多了。我们可以简单地要求ChatGPT解释代码的功能,并在短时间内理解它,再也不用浪费宝贵的时间和精力去解读写得不好、没有注释的代码了。
可以使用以下prompt:
"What does the following code do? [insert code here]"
给代码添加注释
ChatGPT还可以帮助我们提高自己代码的质量和可维护性。通过要求它逐行添加注释,我们可以确保我们的代码有正确的文档,使其他人更容易理解和使用我们的代码,也可以大大改善代码可读性、可维护性。
可以使用以下prompt:
"Add comments to the following code [insert code here]"
PDF论文阅读工具:Humata、ChatPDF、PandaGPT
除了ChatGPT,还有一些专门为科研人员设计的AI工具,例如Humata、ChatPDF、PandaGPT等。
- Humata:专为PDF文件而生的GPT。可以把论文PDF往网页里一拖,就能在对话框中问这个AI任何跟这篇论文有关的内容。Humata会告诉你它的答案都是从哪儿来的,方便检查AI有没有胡说八道。
- ChatPDF:使用方式与Humata类似,甩给ChatPDF一个PDF文档,它就能自己“通读”全文,你来负责提问就行。ChatPDF会提供prompt参考。
- PandaGPT:功能上有点集Humata和ChatPDF优点于一身的意思,既能提供prompt参考,在回答中也会给出页码链接。
总而言之,AI技术正在深刻地改变科研的范式。科研人员应积极拥抱AI,善用AI工具,提升科研效率,取得更大的科研成果。当然,在使用AI工具的同时,也要保持批判性思维,注意甄别AI生成的内容,避免盲目信任。只有这样,才能真正发挥AI在科研领域的潜力。